Direct strength method for cold-formed steel beams with non-uniform temperatures

This paper presents the results of finite-element simulations leading to development a design method using direct strength (DSM) for transversely loaded thin-walled steel beams prone local and distortional buckling failures at elevated temperatures. The systematic extensive numerical parametric study covers different dimensions sections, temperature distributions in cross-section, grades load ratios. main findings are that DSM is suitable members with non-uniform cross-section. Based on plastic moment capacity cross-section temperatures, equations existing specification by American Iron Steel Institute, as published 2016, sufficiently accurate buckling. For buckling, set new proposed. proposed then used derive partial safety factors structural resistance conditional probabilities failure 0.1, 0.01 0.001 after flashover.